The challenges of population ageing and migration in the French overseas départements

Abstract

The population of the four French overseas départements (DOMs) is younger than that of metropolitan France. In 2006, the under-20s represented 35% of the population in Réunion, 31% in Guadeloupe, 29% in Martinique and 45% in French Guiana, versus just 25% on the mainland. But, paradoxically, their populations are ageing more quickly due to the combined effects of longer life expectancy, fewer births and the emigration of young adults (both men and women). By 2030, the proportion of over-60s is expected to double in Martinique, Guadeloupe and Réunion. In a context of unemployment and job insecurity, living conditions for future retirees may be difficult, and they may receive less family support in old age than today.