Fertility transition
Transition from a regime of "natural" fertility (not controlled by couples) towards a regime of "controlled" fertility.
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Health transition
or Epidemiological transition The period of mortality decline which accompanies the demographic transition. It is characterized by improved health, nutrition and organization of health services and a change in the causes of death, with mortality from infectious diseases progressively being replaced by mortality from chronic and degenerative diseases and accidents.
Epidemiological transition
or Health transition The period of mortality decline which accompanies the demographic transition. It is characterized by improved health, nutrition and organization of health services and a change in the causes of death, with mortality from infectious diseases progressively being replaced by mortality from chronic and degenerative diseases and accidents.
Overpopulation
The situation where an area’s population exceeds the area’s carrying capacity.
Probability of dying
Probability that a person of age x will die before reaching the age of x+n. It is calculated by dividing the number of deaths at age x by the number survivors at age x. Results are recorded in life tables.
Marriage probability
Probability for a person who is still single at a given age of marrying before the next age. Results are recorded in nuptiality tables.
Mid-year population
Arithmetic mean of the population on 1 January and the population on 31 December of a year. It is used to calculate annual rates.Synonym: average population
Neo-natal mortality
Mortality during the first four weeks of a child’s life. It is qualified as early neo-natal mortality when death occurs during the first week of life, and as late neo-natal mortality when death occurs during the following three weeks. Neonatal mortality rate The number of deaths of infants under 28 days of age in a given year per 1,000 live ...
Maternal mortality
Deaths of women due to complications of pregnancy or childbirth. Maternal mortality rate The number of women who die during pregnancy (whatever the term) or within 42 days of childbirth due to causes linked to pregnancy, labour or aftercare per 1,000 live births in a given year.
Post-neonatal mortality
Deaths of infants aged 28 days to 1 year. Post-neonatal mortality rate Number of deaths of infants aged 28 days to 1 year per 1,000 live births in a given year.